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There are several commercial and industrial buildings which now exceed 60 stories or more. These buildings all need tall cranes to be able to help transport the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes that have their own vehicle connected or other kinds which are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are normally seen on high-rise building projects. Normally, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction like for instance apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being constructed, odds are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
There are two different types of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from 30 pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The crane's body is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate sections. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the machinery. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to be able to lift supplies. This cord extends out from a motor located near the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when heavy materials are lifted.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specialized kind of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very vital in constructing major projects like bridges, airports, buildings and roadways. A crane can complete in minutes jobs that would normally take hundreds of men and lots of hours to accomplish.
These remarkable machines have played a very important part in constructing houses, cities, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably built using basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects ever.
The first representation of a crane was featured during King Ramses' reign within Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create a whole nation in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards began to require stronger and larger machinery. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, in the year 1834. This machine could lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to make cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.
